Table 1 Classification of therapeutic agents and its mechanism of action [22, 44]
From: From pox to protection: understanding Monkeypox pathophysiology and immune resilience
Therapeutic agents | Category | Classification | Mechanism of action |
|---|---|---|---|
Tecovirimat | Antiviral | Orthopoxvirus-specific inhibitor | Inhibits the viral protein VP37, preventing virus maturation and release |
Cidofovir | Nucleoside analog | Inhibits viral DNA polymerase, blocking viral replication | |
Brincidofovir | Nucleoside analog | Similar to cidofovir, it inhibits viral DNA polymerase with reduced toxicity | |
Vaccinia Immune Globulin | Immunotherapy | Polyvalent immunoglobulin | Contains antibodies that neutralize the virus and provide passive immunity |
Imvamune | Vaccine (prevention) | Live attenuated vaccine | Stimulates the immune system to provide protection against orthopoxviruses |
ACAM2000 | Live attenuated vaccine | Induces immunity by using a replication-competent VACV strain | |
Jynneos | Modified live attenuated vaccine | Uses a non-replicating Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) virus to stimulate an immune response |