Table 1 Demographic and baseline characteristics
Variable | Cases (n = 102) | (%) | Controls (n = 78) | (%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | |||||
18–39 years | 72 | (71) | 48 | (62) | 0.2 |
40–55 years | 25 | (24) | 21 | (26) | 0.2 |
>55 years | 5 | (5) | 9 | (12) | 0.2 |
Gender | |||||
Female | 58 | (57) | 42 | (53) | 0.7 |
Male | 44 | (43) | 36 | (47) | 0.7 |
Ethnic group | |||||
African | 18 | (18) | 20 | (25) | 0.3 |
Mixed race | 79 | (78) | 56 | (72) | 0.3 |
Other | 5 | (4) | 2 | (3) | 0.3 |
Level of education | |||||
Primary | 18 | (18) | 9 | (12) | 0.01* |
High school | 60 | (59) | 30 | (38) | 0.01* |
University | 24 | (23) | 39 | (50) | 0.01* |
Housing | |||||
Cemented | 84 | (82) | 68 | (87) | 0.7 |
Adobe | 4 | (4) | 0 | (0) | – |
Mixed | 14 | (14) | 10 | (13) | 0.7 |
History of COVID-19 | 23 | (22) | 25 | (34) | 0.15 |
History of Chikungunya infection | 10 | (10) | 10 | (12) | 0.5 |
Stressful life event | 11 | (11) | 22 | (28) | 0.002* |
Family history of depression | 2 | (2) | 1 | (1) | 0.7 |
Family income | |||||
< 425 USD | 64 | (64) | 26 | (33) | < 0.01* |
425 USD | 16 | (16) | 25 | (33) | < 0.01* |
> 425 USD | 22 | (20) | 27 | (34) | < 0.01* |
Comorbidities | 3 | (3) | 10 | (7) | 0.01* |